@article {BF-2414,
	title = {Australian firefighters{\textquoteright} exposure to air toxics during bushfire burns of autumn 2005 and 2006},
	journal = {Environment International},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2009},
	month = {02/2009},
	pages = {342 - 352},
	abstract = {Bushfire fighting is a hazardous occupation and control strategies are generally in place to minimize the hazards. However, little is known regarding firefighters{\textquoteright} exposure to bushfire smoke, which is a complex mixture of toxic gases and particles. In Australia, during the prescribed burning season, firefighters are likely to be exposed on a regular basis to bushfire smoke, but whether these exposures affect health has yet to be determined. There are a number of factors that govern whether exposure to smoke will result in short-term and/or long-term health problems, including the concentrations of air pollutants within the breathing zone of the firefighter, the exposure duration, and health susceptibility of the individual, especially for pre-existing lung or heart disease.

This paper presents measurements of firefighters{\textquoteright} personal exposure to bushfire smoke, the first step within a risk management framework. It provides crucial information on the magnitude, extent and frequency of personal exposure to bushfire smoke for a range of typical scenarios. It is found that the primary air toxics of concern are carbon monoxide (CO), respirable particles and formaldehyde. Also, work activity is a major factor influencing exposure with exposure standards (both average and short-term limits) likely to be exceeded for activities such as suppression of spot fires, holding the fireline, and patrolling at the edge of a burn area in the urban{\textendash}rural interface.},
	doi = {10.1016/j.envint.2008.08.011},
	author = {Reisen, Fabienne and Brown, SK}
}
@article {BF-2344,
	title = {Implications for Community Health from Exposure to Bushfire Air Toxics},
	journal = {Environmental Chemistry},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {235},
	abstract = {Bushfires can cause widespread air pollution through the emission of high levels of toxic air contaminants that affect the health of surrounding communities. This review of studies that have evaluated the health impacts of bushfires in North America, Australia and South-East Asia shows that the primary pollutant consistently exceeding air quality guidelines is particulate matter. Elevated levels of respirable particles are likely to be the major cause of the higher number of hospital visits and admissions for respiratory and/or cardiovascular treatment, increased mortality, and elevated respiratory-related symptoms that were observed in communities after major bushfire events. Morbidity effects were found to be mostly short-lived and reversible after exposure ceased, and were more prevalent among susceptible groups such as asthmatics, children, the elderly, and people with pre-existing respiratory and/or cardiac illnesses. Implications of such exposures to the Australian population will be discussed in relation to existing (urban) air quality measures and options for community response to bushfire events.},
	doi = {10.1071/EN06008},
	author = {Reisen, Fabienne and Brown, SK}
}
@article {BF-1293,
	title = {Manual of methods and procedures for measuring personal exposures of bushfire firefighters to air toxics},
	year = {2005},
	institution = {Bushfire CRC},
	url = {http://www.bushfirecrc.com/sites/default/files/managed/resource/milestone_18-2-1_manual.pdf},
	author = {Reisen, Fabienne and Brown, SK}
}
