@article {bnh-6781, title = {Final report on vulnerability of as-built and retrofitted LDRC buildings}, number = {551}, year = {2020}, month = {03/2020}, institution = {Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC}, address = {Melbourne}, abstract = {

Previous Bushfire and Natural Hazard CRC (BNH CRC) reports have presented the fragility curves for reinforced concrete buildings that are supported by reinforced concrete walls and moment resisting frames, and the fragility curves for this type of buildings with four retrofitting options. This study presents the vulnerability curves for these buildings presented in terms of damage factor, which is the ratio of the repair cost to the replacement cost for the buildings. This report contributes to the project {\textquotedblleft}Cost-effective mitigation strategy development for building related earthquake risk{\textquotedblright} which is aimed to develop knowledge to facilitate evidence-based informed decision making in relation to the need for seismic retrofitting, revision of codified design requirement, and insurance policy.

}, keywords = {as-built, buildings, retrofit, Vulnerability}, issn = {551}, author = {Elisa Lumantarna and Nelson Lam and Hing-Ho Tsang and Emad F Gad and John Wilson} } @conference {bnh-6385, title = {Earthquake Management Logistics for York, WA, Pre and Post Mitigation}, booktitle = {Australian Earthquake Engineering Society 2019 Conference}, year = {2019}, month = {12/2019}, address = {Newcastle}, abstract = {

Rare Australian earthquake events can cause extensive damage and present significant logistical challenges for emergency management agencies and local governments. Evidence of this can be seen from recent earthquake events that include the 2010 Kalgoorlie earthquake and the 1989 Newcastle earthquake of 30 years ago. Emergency managers do not experience damaging earthquakes on the same regular basis as storms, floods, and bushfires and therefore don{\textquoteright}t always fully understand the consequences they may face. Scenario modelling can provide insights to inform response and recovery by emergency management and recovery agencies as well as demonstrate how these impacts can be moderated by the retrofit of the most vulnerable building types.

The Shire of York is partnering with the WA Department of Fire and Emergency Services (DFES), the University of Adelaide and Geoscience Australia in a collaborative project that explores the current earthquake risk in the heritage town of York, Western Australia, and how the risk could be moderated through targeted retrofit. The project forms part of the Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre project {\textquotedblleft}Cost-effective Mitigation Strategy Development for Building Related Earthquake Risk{\textquotedblright}. This paper describes the approach taken and the predicted consequences modelled for a range of credible earthquake scenarios. Significantly, based on the recommendations from a stakeholder workshop in York on the 9thAugust 2018, it is also assessing how these consequences would be moderated in future decades through two rates of retrofit uptake in the town. This work is informing emergency management planning by DFES and the Shire of York. It is also illustrating the benefits of targeted community level retrofit to address the risk posed by the community building types most vulnerable to earthquakes.

}, keywords = {earthquake, Emergency management, modelling, retrofit, senario}, url = {https://aees.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/70-Hyeuk-Ryu.pdf}, author = {Hyeuk Ryu and Mark Edwards and Martin Wehner and Stephen Gray and Michael Griffith and Jaroslav Vaculik and Neil Corby and Trevor Allen} } @conference {bnh-6384, title = {Modelling the vulnerability of old URM buildings and the benefit of retrofit}, booktitle = {Australian Earthquake Engineering Society 2019 Conference}, year = {2019}, month = {12/2019}, abstract = {

The Shire of York is partnering with the WA Department of Fire and Emergency Services (DFES), the University of Adelaide and Geoscience Australia in a collaborative project that will examine the opportunities for reducing the vulnerability of the township of York to a major earthquake. The project forms part of the Bushfire and Natural Hazards Collaborative Research Centre (BNHCRC) project {\textquotedblleft}Cost-effective Mitigation Strategy Development for Building Related Earthquake Risk{\textquotedblright}. The township of York has a number of valuable historical buildings that contribute greatly to the town{\textquoteright}s economic prosperity and, at the same time, are vulnerable to earthquakes.

One of the benefits of retrofitting an old building is the reduction in physical building repair required following a damaging earthquake. To evaluate this benefit it is necessary to know the vulnerability of the unmitigated building and how this changes following retrofit.

This paper describes the approach taken to quantitatively estimate the vulnerability of unmitigated and retrofitted pre-WW1 unreinforced masonry (URM)buildings typical of the buildings found in York. Challenges in estimating vulnerability are discussed. Vulnerability curves are presented for one of six generic building types subjected to a range of retrofit scenarios and the economic benefit of each retrofit scenario is presented and discussed.

}, keywords = {earthquake, retrofit, URM, Vulnerability}, url = {https://aees.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/02-Mark-Edwards.pdf}, author = {Mark Edwards and Martin Wehner and Hyeuk Ryu and Michael Griffith and Jaroslav Vaculik} } @article {bnh-5009, title = {Seismic retrofit of precast soft-storey building using diagonal steel-shape memory alloy bracing device: Numerical investigation}, journal = {Advances in Structural Engineering}, year = {2018}, month = {10/2018}, abstract = {

A diagonal steel-shape memory alloy bracing device is proposed for seismic retrofitting of vulnerable building frame structure. Superelastic shape memory alloy bar is put in series with steel bars in the bracing. The device makes use of the loading plateau of superelastic shape memory alloy to limit the tensile force of diagonal bracing. A precast soft-storey building frame in Australia was selected for a case study. A numerical model of the frame was developed and validated with the results from full-scale pull-down field tests. Nonlinear time history analysis was then conducted to evaluate the seismic performance of the frame with different retrofitting strategies. The result shows that the diagonal steel-shape memory alloy bracing can reduce the displacement demand on the soft-storey frame. Meanwhile, the level of tensile force of steel-shape memory alloy bracing can be controlled by the force plateau of the shape memory alloy bar, which is recommended to be 20\% of the yielding force of the steel bar. The lower tensile force demand could alleviate the force demand at the associated support connections.

}, keywords = {diagonal bracing, retrofit, shape memory alloy, soft-storey building, superelastic}, doi = {10.1177/1369433218800939}, url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1369433218800939}, author = {John Wilson and Hing-Ho Tsang and Xiaoxian Liu} }